The Role of Environmental Pollutants in Exacerbating Pediatric Asthma: A Health Security, Epidemiological, and Health Information Perspective

Abstract

This study explores the growing prevalence of pediatric asthma in Saudi Arabia, focusing specifically on Jeddah city, and examines the significant role of environmental pollutants in exacerbating the condition. Asthma, a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, affects millions of children worldwide and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study surveyed 400 children diagnosed with asthma and their caregivers in Jeddah, highlighting household allergens like dust mites and environmental pollutants such as vehicle emissions, industrial fumes, and airborne dust particles, as key contributors to the exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Findings indicate that children living in areas with high pollution levels, including heavy traffic zones and industrial vicinities, exhibit increased asthma prevalence and severity. Additionally, the study highlights the influence of sociodemographic factors, such as parental education and household hygiene, on asthma incidence. Public health implications emphasize the need for targeted interventions to reduce exposure to harmful pollutants and allergens, as well as increased awareness among caregivers and the broader community. The research advocates for stronger environmental regulations, improved healthcare systems, and community awareness programs to mitigate the impact of asthma on Saudi children, particularly in urban areas with significant industrial and traffic-related pollution.