The Role of Nurses in Strengthening Health Security (Nursing – Health Security)

Abstract

This review systematically examines the critical and evolving role of nurses in strengthening global health security. Health security, defined by WHO and CDC as the capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to transnational health threats, has expanded beyond infectious diseases to encompass "all-hazards" (natural disasters, bioterrorism, etc.). Nurses are indispensable frontline responders in crises, as demonstrated historically (1918 influenza, SARS, Ebola) and recently (COVID-19), where they provide direct patient care, infection control, leadership, and community engagement. However, significant challenges impede their effectiveness, including global nursing shortages, inadequate disaster training, mental health risks, and occupational safety gaps. The analysis highlights the need for robust policy reforms, expanded interdisciplinary education (integrating public health, technology, and cultural competence), and stronger support systems. Optimizing nurses' contributions requires addressing these barriers to ensure a resilient health security infrastructure.