Fluoride and Caries Prevention: A Scoping Review of Public Health Policies in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This scoping review explores the role of fluoride in preventing dental caries and evaluates public health policies in Saudi Arabia. Dental caries remains a significant public health concern, especially among children, with approximately 70% of preschoolers affected. Despite the proven effectiveness of fluoride in reducing caries prevalence through remineralization and preventive measures, challenges persist in the implementation of fluoride-related initiatives. These challenges include insufficient funding, limited community engagement, and socio-economic disparities that hinder equitable access to treatments. The review highlights the successes of past policies, such as fluoride varnishing and drinking water fluoridation, while identifying gaps in public awareness and policy monitoring. Recommendations include improving resource allocation, developing culturally tailored education programs, and ensuring equitable access to fluoride interventions. This review aims to inform future research and policy development to enhance dental health outcomes in Saudi Arabia.